Sensitivity to fungicides of Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary in Chapingo, Mexico
Chemical control of plant diseases exerts high selection pressure for the development of pathogen resistance to fungicides. The objectives of this study were to quantify the existence of late blight in Solanum tuberosum L., detect the presence of variants of the oomycete resistant to agrochemicals and compare the different levels of resistance in the isolates from one cycle to another. Plots of the potato cv. Fianna, susceptible to late blight (Phytophthora infestans [Mont] de Bary), were exposed to natural infection of the pathogen to detect the presence of variants of the oomycete resistant to the agrochemicals from one cycle to another, and from in vivo with respect to in vitro conditions, by applying a half dose of fungicides. The disease reached 100 % final foliar infection in treatments with ciazofamid in 2011 and with fosetyl-Al in 2012. On the other hand, mandipropamid allowed only 21-22 % infection in both years in the field. However, 49 % of the P. infestans population was susceptible, 39 % was intermediate, and 19 % was resistant to this product in vitro. Plots treated with fosetyl-Al reached 80-100 % infection in the field, while in vitro 88 and 46 % of the P. infestans populations showed intermediate resistance when exposed to high dosages of the product, and 62 % were resistant at low dosage. Isolates from field plots with natural infection exposed to ciazofamid were all sensitive in vitro. The inconsistencies of the oomycete regarding fungicide resistance/sensitivity under in vivo/in vitro conditions, as well from one year to another, do not support behavior predictability. These results expose the great genetic plasticity of the oomycete in relation to its sensitivity to fungicides.
El control químico de las enfermedades de las plantas ejerce gran presión de selección en el desarrollo de resistencia del patógeno a fungicidas. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron cuantificar la existencia de tizón tardío en Solanum tuberosum L., detectar la presencia de variantes del oomiceto resistentes a agroquímicos y comparar los diferentes niveles de resistencia en los aislados de un ciclo a otro. Se expusieron parcelas de papa var. Fianna, susceptibles al tizón tardío (Phytophthora infestans [Mont.] de Bary), a la infección natural del patógeno para detectar la presencia de variantes del oomiceto resistentes a agroquímicos de un ciclo a otro, y bajo condiciones in vivo respecto a in vitro mediante la aplicación de medias dosis de fungicidas. La enfermedad alcanzó 100 % de infección foliar final en tratamientos con ciazofamida en 2011 y con fosetil-Al en 2012. Por otro lado, la mandipropamida permitió solamente de 21 a 22 % de infección en ambos años en campo. No obstante, 49 % de la población de P. infestans resultó susceptible, 39 % intermedia y 19 % fue resistente a este producto in vitro. Las parcelas tratadas con fosetil-Al alcanzaron de 80 a 100 % de infección en campo y 88 % in vitro. El 46 % de las poblaciones de P. infestans mostraron resistencia intermedia cuando se expusieron a dosis altas del producto y 62 % fueron resistentes a dosis bajas. Los aislados de parcelas con infección natural expuestos a ciazofamida fueron sensibles in vitro. Las inconsistencias del oomiceto en relación a la resistencia/susceptibilidad a los fungicidas bajo condiciones in vitro/in vivo, así como de un año a otro, no explican la predictibilidad del comportamiento. Estos resultados exponen la gran plasticidad genética del oomiceto en relación con su sensibilidad a los fungicidas.
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Translated title: | Sensibilidad a fungicidas del Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary en Chapingo, México |
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Journal Title: | Revista Chapingo. Serie Horticultura |
First author: | Héctor Lozoya-Saldaña |
Other Authors: | Martha Nayeli Martha Nayeli Robledo-Esqueda; Patricia Rivas-Valencia; Sergio Sandoval-Islas; María Teresa Beryl Colinas y León; Cristian Nava-Díaz |
Palabras clave: | |
Traslated Keywords: | |
Language: | English Spanish |
Get full text: | https://chapingo.mx/revistas/horticultura/contenido.php?id_articulo=2436&id_revistas=1&id_revista_numero=248 |
Resource type: | Journal Article |
Source: | Revista Chapingo. Serie Horticultura; Vol 23, No 3 (Year 2017). |
DOI: | http://dx.doi.org/10.5154/r.rchsh.2017.01.004 |
Publisher: | Universidad Autónoma Chapingo |
Usage rights: | Reconocimiento - NoComercial (by-nc) |
Knowledge areas / Categories: | Life Sciences --> Agriculture, Multidisciplinary Life Sciences --> Horticulture |
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