Nutrición humana, mejoramiento vegetal y metabolismo secundario: una revisión
Los alimentos de origen vegetal contienen una amplia variedad de vitaminas, minerales y metabolitos únicos, que pueden tener efectos beneficiosos o detrimentales en la salud y el bienestar de los humanos. Una mezcla de carbohidratos, lípidos, aminoácidos, proteínas, 17 elementos minerales y 13 vitaminas son componentes esenciales de la dieta. En países en desarrollo, el problema de hambre y de desnutrición es cada día más preocupante; aspecto distinto es el encontrado en los países avanzados donde la problemática de salud se debe principalmente a enfermedades coronarias y afecciones debidas al sobrepeso. La ingeniería genética, la proteómica, la ingeniería metabólica y otras herramientas del fitomejoramiento han sido enfocadas para aumentar la calidad y la inocuidad de los alimentos de origen vegetal. En el presente artículo, se hace una revisión de los principales grupos de compuestos considerados esenciales en la salud y en la alimentación humana, la forma en que pueden ser mejorados y las perspectivas de su utilización hacia un futuro mediato.
Plant-derived foods contain a wide variety of vitamins, minerals and unique metabolites, which may have beneficial or detrimental effects on human health and well-being. A mixture of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, proteins, 17 mineral elements and 13 vitamins are the essential components of the diet. In developing countries the problem of hunger and malnutrition is of mayor concern every day, being a different aspect the one found in developed countries where the health problem is due mainly to coronary diseases and affections due to overweight. Genetic engineering, the proteomic, the metabolic engineering and other tools of plant breeding, have been focused to increase the quality and the innocuity of food of plant origin. In this article the main groups considered essential compounds for the health and the human feeding, the form in which they can be improved and perspectives of their use within a mediate future is revised.
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Translated title: | Human nutrition, plant breeding and secondary metabolism: a review |
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Journal Title: | Revista U.D.C.A Actualidad & Divulgación Científica |
Author: | Marco Cabezas Gutiérrez |
Palabras clave: | |
Traslated Keywords: | |
Language: | Spanish |
Get full text: | https://revistas.udca.edu.co/index.php/ruadc/article/view/562 |
Resource type: | Journal Article |
Source: | Revista U.D.C.A Actualidad & Divulgación Científica; Vol 10, No 1 (Year 2007). |
DOI: | http://dx.doi.org/10.31910/rudca.v10.n1.2007.562 |
Publisher: | Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales |
Usage rights: | Reconocimiento - NoComercial (by-nc) |
Knowledge areas / Categories: | Multidisciplinary --> Multidisciplinary Sciences |
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